Führen Sie Selenium in Docker-Compose aus: Sitzung nicht erstellt: DevToolsActivePort-Datei existiert nicht ⇐ Python

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Ich möchte Selenium im Docker-Compose auf meinem Ubuntu-Server ausführen.
Ich habe Dockerfile

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FROM python:3.13.1-slim-bookworm

ENV POETRY_VERSION=2.0.1
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
ENV POETRY_VIRTUALENVS_CREATE=false
ENV USER=ma

SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-o", "pipefail", "-c"]

RUN groupadd -r $USER && useradd -r -g $USER -d /opt/$USER $USER

RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
wget \
unzip \
gnupg \
libglib2.0-0 \
libnss3 \
libgconf-2-4 \
libfontconfig1 \
libxcb1 \
&& wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add - \
&& sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list' \
&& apt-get -y update \
&& apt-get install -y google-chrome-stable \
&& apt-get clean \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Install poetry
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip \
&& pip install --no-cache-dir poetry==${POETRY_VERSION}

WORKDIR /opt/$USER
RUN mkdir -p /opt/$USER/.cache/selenium && chown -R $USER:$USER /opt/$USER/.cache

COPY ./poetry.lock ./pyproject.toml ./
RUN poetry install --no-interaction --no-cache --no-root

COPY ignore_list.txt ./
COPY app app

USER $USER

ENTRYPOINT ["poetry", "run", "python", "-m", "app.get_next_predictions"]

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docker-compose.yaml

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services:
app:
image: portal
container_name: portal
build:
context: .
dockerfile: deployments/Dockerfile
env_file:
- .env

und Code zum Ausführen von Webdriver

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def start_browser(portal_config: PortalSettings) ->  webdriver.Chrome:
options = Options()
options.add_experimental_option("useAutomationExtension", False)
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")
options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")  # Disable browser extensions
options.add_argument("--disable-crash-reporter")  # Disable crash reporting
options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")  # Disable infobars
options.add_argument("--disable-logging")
options.add_argument("--disable-background-timer-throttling")
options.add_argument("--disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows")
options.add_argument("--disable-renderer-backgrounding")
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
options.add_argument("--headless")
options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
options.add_argument('log-level=3')
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-logging'])
browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
browser.maximize_window()
browser.get('https://www.portal.com/login')
login(browser, portal_config)
return browser

Wenn ich die App starte, erhalte ich eine Fehlermeldung

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portal  | Skipping virtualenv creation, as specified in config file.
portal  | Traceback (most recent call last):
portal  |   File "", line 198, in _run_module_as_main
portal  |   File "", line 88, in _run_code
portal  |   File "/opt/portal/app/get_next_predictions.py", line 267, in 
portal  |     asyncio.run(starter())
portal  |     ~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^
portal  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.13/asyncio/runners.py", line 194, in run
portal  |     return runner.run(main)
portal  |            ~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^
portal  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.13/asyncio/runners.py", line 118, in run
portal  |     return self._loop.run_until_complete(task)
portal  |            ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^
portal  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.13/asyncio/base_events.py", line 720, in run_until_complete
portal  |     return future.result()
portal  |            ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
portal  |   File "/opt/portal/app/get_next_predictions.py", line 252, in starter
portal  |     browser = start_browser(portal_config)
portal  |   File "/opt/portal/app/get_next_predictions.py", line 234, in start_browser
portal  |     browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
portal  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.13/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py", line 45, in __init__
portal  |     super().__init__(
portal  |     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
portal  |         browser_name=DesiredCapabilities.CHROME["browserName"],
portal  |         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
portal  |     ......
portal  |         keep_alive=keep_alive,
portal  |         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
portal  |     )
portal  |     ^
portal  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.13/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chromium/webdriver.py", line 66, in __init__
portal  |     super().__init__(command_executor=executor, options=options)
portal  |     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
portal  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.13/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 241, in __init__
portal  |     self.start_session(capabilities)
portal  |     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
portal  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.13/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 329, in start_session
portal  |     response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, caps)["value"]
portal  |                ~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
portal  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.13/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 384, in execute
portal  |     self.error_handler.check_response(response)
portal  |     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^
portal  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.13/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 232, in check_response
portal  |     raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
portal  | selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: session not created: Chrome failed to start:  exited normally.
portal  |   (session not created: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
portal  |   (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
portal  | Stacktrace:
portal  | #0 0x6190ff7701fa 
portal  | #1 0x6190ff280810 
portal  | #2 0x6190ff2b7ed8 
portal  | #3 0x6190ff2b3a36 
portal  | #4 0x6190ff2ff816 
portal  | #5 0x6190ff2fee66 
portal  | #6 0x6190ff2f3323 
portal  | #7 0x6190ff2c1de0 
portal  | #8 0x6190ff2c2dbe 
portal  | #9 0x6190ff73c12b 
portal  | #10 0x6190ff7400c7 
portal  | #11 0x6190ff7296cc 
portal  | #12 0x6190ff740c47 
portal  | #13 0x6190ff70e67f 
portal  | #14 0x6190ff75f288 
portal  | #15 0x6190ff75f450 
portal  | #16 0x6190ff76f076 
portal  | #17 0x77ca011d31c4 

Auch wenn ich diesen Code auf meinem lokalen MacOS (M1) ausführe, funktioniert er einwandfrei.
Upd: Es funktioniert, wenn ich den erstellten Benutzer entferne. .. Warum? Und wie kann man das Problem beheben und mit Nicht-Root-Benutzern arbeiten?